US Courts Glossary

235ނިންމުން

Statute

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A law passed by a legislature. Source: US Courts Glossary

Sua sponte

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Latin, meaning "of its own will." Often refers to a court taking an action in a case without being asked to do so by either side. Source: US Courts Glossary

Subordination

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The act or process by which a person's rights or claims are ranked below those of others. Source: US Courts Glossary

Subpoena duces tecum

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A command to a witness to appear and produce documents. Source: US Courts Glossary

Subpoena

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A command, issued under a court's authority, to a witness to appear and give testimony. Source: US Courts Glossary

Temporary restraining order

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Akin to a preliminary injunction, it is a judge's short-term order forbidding certain actions until a full hearing can be conducted. Often referred to as a TRO. Source: US Courts Glossary

Testimony

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Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries. Source: US Courts Glossary

Toll

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See statute of limitations. Source: US Courts Glossary

Tort

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A civil, not criminal, wrong. A negligent or intentional injury against a person or property, with the exception of breach of contract. Source: US Courts Glossary

Transcript

ބާވަތް: dictionaries

A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial, or during some other formal conversation, such as a hearing or oral deposition Source: US Courts Glossary

Transfer

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Any mode or means by which a debtor disposes of or parts with his/her property. Source: US Courts Glossary

Trustee

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The representative of the bankruptcy estate who exercises statutory powers, principally for the benefit of the unsecured creditors, under the general supervision of the court and the direct supervision of the U.S. trustee or bankruptcy administrator. The …

Typing service

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A business not authorized to practice law that prepares bankruptcy petitions. Source: US Courts Glossary

U.S. attorney

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A lawyer appointed by the President in each judicial district to prosecute and defend cases for the federal government. The U.S. Attorney employs a staff of Assistant U.S. Attorneys who appear as the government's attorneys in individual cases. Source: US …

U.S. trustee

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An officer of the U.S. Department of Justice responsible for supervising the administration of bankruptcy cases, estates, and trustees; monitoring plans and disclosure statements; monitoring creditors' committees; monitoring fee applications; and performing …

Probation

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Sentencing option in the federal courts. With probation, instead of sending an individual to prison, the court releases the person to the community and orders him or her to complete a period of supervision monitored by a U.S. probation officer and to abide by …

Procedure

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The rules for conducting a lawsuit; there are rules of civil procedure, criminal procedure, evidence, bankruptcy, and appellate procedure. Source: US Courts Glossary

Proof of claim

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A written statement describing the reason a debtor owes a creditor money, which typically sets forth the amount of money owed. (There is an official form for this purpose.) Source: US Courts Glossary

Property of the estate

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All legal or equitable interests of the debtor in property as of the commencement of the case. Source: US Courts Glossary

Prosecute

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To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government Source: US Courts Glossary