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Income not reasonably necessary for the maintenance or support of the debtor or dependents. If the debtor operates a business, disposable income is defined as those amounts over and above what is necessary for the payment of ordinary operating expenses. …
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A log containing the complete history of each case in the form of brief chronological entries summarizing the court proceedings. Source: US Courts Glossary
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In criminal law, the constitutional guarantee that a defendant will receive a fair and impartial trial. In civil law, the legal rights of someone who confronts an adverse action threatening liberty or property. Source: US Courts Glossary
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French, meaning "on the bench." All judges of an appellate court sitting together to hear a case, as opposed to the routine disposition by panels of three judges. In the Ninth Circuit, an en banc panel consists of 11 randomly selected judges. Source: US …
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Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy (see damages). A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to …
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The value of a debtor's interest in property that remains after liens and other creditors' interests are considered. (Example: If a house valued at $60,000 is subject to a $30,000 mortgage, there is $30,000 of equity.) Source: US Courts Glossary
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Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case in favor of one side or the other. Source: US Courts Glossary
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A proceeding brought before a court by one party only, without notice to or challenge by the other side. Source: US Courts Glossary
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Doctrine that says evidence obtained in violation of a criminal defendant's constitutional or statutory rights is not admissible at trial. Source: US Courts Glossary
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Evidence indicating that a defendant did not commit the crime. Source: US Courts Glossary
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Contracts or leases under which both parties to the agreement have duties remaining to be performed. If a contract or lease is executory, a debtor may assume it (keep the contract) or reject it (terminate the contract). Source: US Courts Glossary
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Property that a debtor is allowed to retain, free from the claims of creditors who do not have liens on the property. Source: US Courts Glossary
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Certain property owned by an individual debtor that the Bankruptcy Code or applicable state law permits the debtor to keep from unsecured creditors. For example, in some states the debtor may be able to exempt all or a portion of the equity in the debtor's …
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A bankruptcy case filed either without schedules or with incomplete schedules listing few creditors and debts. (Face sheet filings are often made for the purpose of delaying an eviction or foreclosure Source: US Courts Glossary
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An individual, individual and spouse, corporation, or partnership engaged in a farming operation that meets certain debt limits and other statutory criteria for filing a petition under Chapter 12. Source: US Courts Glossary
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A claim that may be owed by the debtor under certain circumstances, e.g., where the debtor is a cosigner on another person's loan and that person fails to pay. Source: US Courts Glossary
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An agreement between two or more people that creates an obligation to do or not to do a particular thing. Source: US Courts Glossary
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A judgment of guilt against a criminal defendant. Source: US Courts Glossary
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Legal advice; a term also used to refer to the lawyers in a case. Source: US Courts Glossary
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An allegation in an indictment or information, charging a defendant with a crime. An indictment or information may contain allegations that the defendant committed more than one crime. Each allegation is referred to as a count. Source: US Courts Glossary
